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Goldeneagle's Nanticoke Vocabulary
Note From Native Languages of the Americas: This language appears to us to be
Lenape (Unami) Delaware, not
Nanticoke. However, since the original author of the page identified
the words as Nanticoke, we are reprinting this vocabulary with its original title. The Nanticoke language was about as closely related to Lenape as Spanish is to
Italian, so the wordlist may still be of interest to Nanticoke people even if the tribal origin is actually Lenape.
“G”
gahès = my mother (NTD) gahètët = my aunt (NTD) gahèti = aunt (voc.) (NTD) gata = I want (NTD) gata kànjihëla = I want to use the restroom
(NTD) gata lapèmkwësi = I want to be useful (NTD) gatungòm = I am sleepy (NTD) gatupwi = I am hungry (NTD) gatusëmwi = I am thirsty (NTD) gësi = I am hot (NTD) gëtëmaktunhe = I talk humbly (NTD) gwèxsi = I am apprehensive (NTD) gwis = my son (NTD) gwitët = son (voc.) (NTD)
“H”
hàch = ‘question marker’
(NTD) hàch, hèch = QUESTION part
hàkhàkopëlìsh = a pear (NTD) hàkhàkòpëlish = pear n:hàkhàkopëlìshakw
= pear tree hàkhàkw = bottle (NTD) hatapi = bow (to shoot with) (NTD) hàtëmòpil = automobile n
hatës = sinew (NTD) Hè = Hello! (or) Hi! (CL & NTD) hè = hello part
hèch, hàch = QUESTION part
hèmpës = dress (or) shirt; pl:hèmpsà
= dresses (or) shirts (CL) hèmpës = dress, shirt (< Dutch) n inan:
plhèmpsa;
lënuwì hèmpsës; lënuwahèmpës
= a man’s shirt hèmpsikàon = tent (lit. cloth house) n
hënil- = to kill vt anim:hnil = kill him (imper
sing), nihëla (< n-nëhil-a-w) = I killed him, wënhilëla
= he killed him hìkpète = it boiled dry (NTD) hilusës = old man; pl:hilusësàk =
old men (CL) hilùsës = old man n anim: plhilusësàk
hinutët = Wren (NTD) hipaha = exclamation used when having a really good time (NTD) hìtukw = (< hitëkw) tree n anim: plhìtkuk
(< hitëkw-àk) -hm = EMPTY MORPHEME suf:nëmitsìhëna
(< n-mitsi-hm-na)
we are eating; këmitsìhëmo (< k-mitsi-hm-wa)
you (pl)
are eating; required between stems and plural suffixes in the
AI paradigm and TA direct paradigm, always subject to phonological modification hmukw = blood (NTD) hmukw = blood n:këmùkëm = your blood;
mùkëm = his blood; hmukwìnaw, hmukwìnën = cardinal bird (lit. bloody
one) hmukwinùnd = Cardinal (NTD) hmuwingwës = blackberry (NTD) hmuwìnkwës = blackberry n anim: plhmuwìnkwsàk;
hmuwinkwsì pay = blackberry pie hnakay = myself (NTD) hòpèxkw = worm n anim: plhopèxkok
hopënis = potato; pl:hopënisàk
= potatoes (CL) hòpënis = 1: potato; 2: testicle n anim:
plhopënìsàk
hòtëmil = oatmeal n
hòkès = bark of tree n:hòkèsikàon
= bark house hùkòn = pot-hook (NTD) hukwèyunk = high part
hunt = supposedly part: àhpu hunt skìxkwe = supposedly
there
was a girl (used esp. in narratives to let listeners know the speaker
did not actually witness the events described) hus = bucket (NTD) hus = bucket n anim: plhùsàk; mpi hus
= water bucket hwìkat = leg (NTD)
“M”
machi- = go home vi:màchi (imper sg); machìtàm
= Let’s go
home; machiàne = when I go home; machiàne
= when you go
home; ntëluwe màchi = I said: go home; ntëlùkw
màchi = he told me: go home; na mochinèyo = then they went home ( < w-machi-ne-waw) machi = Go home!; machikw = You all go home!; machitàm
= Let’s go home (CL) mah = here take it (CL) mah- = to take something vb:mah = take it (imper sg) mah = PAST part: wèski mah pe = he came a while
ago mah! shè wàn = Here! Here he is (CL) mahchi- = bad vi:mahchìkwi = it’s bad, it’s
no good; mahchinàkwsu = he looks bad mahchikpi = paw-paw (a fruit) (NTD) mahchìkpi = 1: paw-paw; 2: banana n:mahchìkpiakw
= paw-paw tree, banana tree mahchikwi = it is no good (CL) mahchipukòt = it tastes bad (CL) mahëlàm- = to buy vt:nëmàhëlàmën
=
I (will) buy it; nëmahëlào nehënaònkès
= I bought a horse mahtëtunhe = he/she talks bad, is complaining or fussing (CL) malàxkwsit = bean; plmalàxkwsita = beans
(CL & NTD) malàxkwsit = bean n inan: plmalàxkwsìta;
malàxkwsìtke = he is dancing the bean dance mamal- = striped vi:mamàle = it is striped;
mamàlsu = he is striped mamèthakemu = Dove (the bird) (NTD) manitu = make (or) construct (CL) manunksi- = to be angry vi:nëmanùnksi
= I am angry màshku = Creek (Indian) n anim: plmàshkùòk
màstël = mustard (greens or condiment) (NTD) mata chich neyo = I don’t see him/her any more (CL) màxke = it is red in color; màxksu = he/she
is red in color (CL & NTD) màxk- = red vi:màxke = it is
red; màxksu = he, she is red; màxksit
=
one who is red; màxkahsën = brick (lit: red stone);
màxkahsënikàon =
brick house; màxkchùlëns = cardinal (lit: red bird) màxkchëphìk = beet n (red beet) màxkw = bear n anim: plmàxkòk
màxkw = bear (CL & NTD) may = to start up, go to do something pre v:
may ntùnëm mehëmìchink = he went looking
for food mayawtunhe = he/she is talking sensible (CL) mayày, mayày ta = indeed, very much so part:mayày kshëlànde = it’s a very hot day mayay ta = very much so (CL) mèchi = now, ready part
mehëmìchink = food n inan:may ntùnëm
mehëmìchink
= he went looking for food mëhw- = to eat vt anim:nëmùhò
àpëlìsh = I ate an apple ( < n-mëhw-a-w); na mòhòn = then he ate him (e.g., a rabbit)
(< w-mëhw-a-n(e)) : SEE ALSO mits-, michi-
mèkis = sheep n anim
mëlëk = Blue Goose (NTD) mëlì = pus n
mèli këlëshmësh = Merry Christmas (CL) mëlingweahpòn = corn-in-the-milk-stage bread (NTD) mëlingwèm = corn-in-the-milk-stage corn (NTD) mëlukwehun = pillow; plmëlukwehuna = pillows
(CL) mèmhalàmunt = storekeeper, merchant, trader n anim
mèmhalamuntikàon = shop, store, trading post n inam:
plmèmhalamuntikàona
mëne- = to drink vi:nëmënè = I
am drinking; kèku hèch kàta mënè = what
do you want to drink? mënihi = Give me a drink! (NTD) mènkwe = Senecan: anim: plmenkwèyok
mënùkòn = a rainbow (NTD) mënùtès = bag, billfold, purse, handbag n
mësa = older sister (voc.) (NTD) mësakw = log (or) beam; plmësako = logs
(or) beams (CL) mëshake = Sit down! (on the ground) (NTD) mèxèlkàtas = centipede n inan: plmèxèlkàtasa
mexkalaniyat = Red-Tailed Hawk (NTD) mèxkeyàksit = Indian n anim: plmexkeyoksìchik
(lit: red one) : awènhàke
michëwakàn = food (CL) michi- = to eat vt usu inan: michìtàm ahpòn
=
let’s eat bread; mìchu salàpòn = he, she
is eating frybread; na mwichinèyo = then they ate it ( < w-michi-ne-waw) : SEE
ALSO mitsi-,mëhw-
mikwën = feather (NTD) mìkwën = feather n anim: plmìkwënàk
mikum- = to remind vt: këmikùmi = you reminded me mil në- - - (inan.) = give him/her the - - - (CL) mil = give him (NTD) mil- = to give (to someone) vt:mìli = give
me (imper sg); mìli mòni = give me money; mil = give him,
her (imper sg);
këmìlël = I give you; nëmìla
= I give him; këmìli = you give me; këmìla
= you give him mili = give me; milinèn = give us (CL &
NTD) mili në- - - (inan.) = give me the - - - (CL) mimëns = child; plmimënsàk = children
(CL & NTD) mìmëns = child n anim: plminëmsàk;
mimëntët = baby pl: mimëntëtàk
mimëntët = baby; plmimëntëtàk
= babies (CL & NTD) min = currant n inan
mingahseamàlsi = you feel better (NTD) -mis = older sister, including female cousins older than the
speaker n anim:nëmìs = my older sister;
këmìs = your older
sister; mwìsa = his, her older sister; nëmìsëna
= our (1 pl) older
sister; këmìsëna = our (2 + 1) older sister;
këmìsëwa =
your (pl) older sister; mwisëwòo = their older sister mitkëm = pole (NTD) mitkòk = corn cob (NTD) mitsi- = to eat vi:mìtsi (imper sg); mitsìti
= eat, little one
(imper sg); mitsìtàm = let’s eat; nëmìsi
= I eat, am eating :SEE ALSO michi-, mëhw-
mitsi = Eat!; mitsikw = You all eat! (or) you people eat; mitsitàm
= Let’s eat! (CL & NTD) mixpuwe = down feather (NTD) mòchipwis = vulture, buzzard (NTD) mòni = money n:nulhàtu mòni
= I have (some) money; ku nulhatù mòni
= I have no money, I don’t have any money mònkis = monkey n anim: monkis-inàkwsu =
he looks like a monkey; monkis-imàkwsu = he smells like a monkey monsi = Munsee (NTD) mpalsi = I am sick (CL) mpëntàm = I hear (or) understand (something) (CL) mpi = water (CL) mpi = water n inan: mpi hus = water bucket mpiànàxkwim = waterlily rood, roots n
mpisum = medicine (CL) mpùl = bull n anim: mpùlxëm = bulldog munhake = woodchuck; groundhog (NTD) munskw- = to mow vi:mùnskwe = he is cutting
grass, he is mowing hay mus = elk (CL) mus = elk n anim:musixèkën = elk
hair mushhakòt = the sky is clear (NTD) muwihële = Prairie Chicken (NTD) mùxul = canoe, boat (NTD) muxwès = insect (NTD) mùxwès = insect n anim
muxumsa = grandfather (voc.), great-uncle (voc.) (NTD) mwekane = dog; plmwekaneyok = dogs (CL) mwèkane = dog n anim: plmwekanèyok; mwekanètët
=
puppy plmwekanètëtàk; mwekaneinàkwsu
=
he looks like a dog; mwekaneimàkwsu = he smells like a dog mwìmim = wild cherry n: mwimënshi = wild
cherry tree
“N”
n- = I (FIRST PERSON) pre: nëmìtsi = I am eating na - - - (ani.) = that - - - (CL) na = that (anim) (NTD) -na (n) = PLURALIZER FOR FIRST PERSON suf:mitsìhëna
=
we (excl) are eating; këmilawënànàk
= we (incl) give (it) to them na = then part:na wënèyòn tahkoxa
= then he saw a turtle; na
yùkwe xahèli wiyùs nulhatùhëna = now
we have lots of meat (lit: the now) na = that, the det, anim:na tëme kahtùpu
= the wolf was hungry: SEE ALSO nàn
nahënëm = racoon (CL) nàhënëm = racoon n anim:nahënëmkan
= racoon dance; nahënëmka =
I am dancing the racoon dance; nahënëmke =
she is dancing the racoon dance; nahënëmkàhëna
=
we dance the raccoon dance; nahënëmkatìhëna
= we dance the raccoon dance together nal = go get him/her (CL) nal- = get (someone) vt:nal = go get him, her (imper) nalhùtin = go-get-‘em dance n: lit: going after each
other nàmès = fish (CL & NTD) nàmès = fish n anim: plnàmèsàk
nàn = that one (animate) (NTD) nàn = that pron, anim: awèn hèch nàn
= who is that? : SEE ALSO na
naol- (< nawal-) = follow vt:naòla = follow
him (imper); naòli = follow me (imper) nat- = get (something) vt:nàti = go get it
(imper); natëmài =
go get it for me (imper); nàti mpi = go get water nati = go get it (CL) natuna- = to hunt (for something) vt:natunàok
= I hunt them nàtunëm- = to look for (something) v:nàtùnëmën
=
I look for it; may ntùnëm mehëmìchink = he
went to look for food naxa = three (CL & NTD) naxà = three part:naxà chëmàmsàk
= three rabbits -naxans = older brother, also any male cousin older than the speaker
n anim:naxàns
= my older brother, cousin; xònsa = his older
brother, cousin (< w-axans-a) naxans = my older brother (NTD) naxisëmës = my younger brother; my younger sister
(NTD) -naxìsëmës = younger sibling including cousin of
either sex
younger than the speaker n anim:naxìsëmës
= my younger sibling, cousin; knaxìsëmës
= your younger sibling, cousin naxapxki = three hundred (CL) naxk = hand n inan:naxk = my hand (< n-naxk), knaxk
=
your hand; noxk = his hand (< w-naxk) naxkilëla- = to stop vi:naxkilëlàtàm
= lets stop nchu = my friend (man to man) (CL) në = that, the det, inan: në wìkëwam
= the house në- - - (inan.) = that - - - (CL) në = that (inan.); nèki = those (anim.);
nèl = those (inan.) (NTD) nehënaonkès = horse; plnehënaonkèsàk
= horses (CL) nehënaònkès = horse n anim: plnehënaonkèsàk;
nehënaonkètët
= colt; nehënaonkèsinàkwsu = he looks like
a horse; nehënaonkèsimàkwsu =
he smells like a horse; nehënaonkèsitàkwsu = he sounds like a horse neìnxke = forty part
nek, nèki = these, those det/pron, anim:nèk
awènik =
those people; nèki chulënsàk = those
birds; awèn hèch nèk = who are those? nèka = he, she (THIRD PERSON) pron:nèka
mìsu =
he (or she) is eating (presence of pronoun emphasizes the
grammatical subject, which is an obligatory part of the verb) nekào, nèkàmò = they (THIRD PERSON PLURAL)
pron:nèkàmò mitsùwàk =
they are eating (presence of pronoun emphasizes the grammatical subject,
which is an obligatory part of the verb) nèl = these, those det/pron, inan:nèl ahsëna
=
these stones; kèku hèch nèl = what
are those? nem- = to see vt inam:nèmën = I see it;
nèmëna = I see those nëmaxkamën = I found it; nëmaxkao
= I found him/her (CL) nëmis = my older sister (NTD) nëmuxumës = my grandfather; my great-uncle (NTD) nën = that pron, inan:kèku hèch
nën = what is that? neòpxki = four hundred (CL) nëpe = yes, let’s (lit: me too) part
nèpe = me too (CL) new- = to see vt anim:nèyo = I see him/her;
nèyukw = he/she sees me; nèwkuk
= they see me; knèwël = I see you; xu làpi
knèwël = I’ll see you again nèwa = four part:nèwën = four times newa = four (CL & NTD) newa këlak = it is four o’clock (CL) nëwikwihëla = I am tired (NTD) nèwiyal = New Year (CL) nèwiyal = New Year (< English) n inan
neyo = I see him/her; neyook =
I see them; neyùkw = he/she saw me (CL & NTD) ni = I (FIRST PERSON) pron:ni nëmìtsi
=
I am eating (presence of pronoun emphasizes the grammatical subject,
which is an obligatory part of the verb) ni (or) n- = I (or) my (CL & NTD) -nichan = child, daughter, niece n anim: nìchan =
my daughter, niece; knìchan = your child, daughter nichan = my daughter; my child; nichantët = daughter
(voc.) (NTD) nichus = my friend (woman speaking of woman) (NTD) nilùna = we (SPEAKER AND OTHER) pro:nilùna
nëmitsìhëna = we (excl)
are eating (presence of pronoun emphasizes the grammatical subject,
which is an obligatory part of the verb) nima- = to take a lunch or provisions vi:nìma
= I take a lunch, provisions; knìma hèch =
did you take a lunch, provisions? ninkëminakw- = to look cute vi:ninkëminàlwsu
= he, she looks cute nìpën = summer n:nipënì =
in the summer; nìshi nìpëne = two summers ago nipën = Summer (CL) nìpënës = gnat n anim
nisha = two (CL & NTD) nìsha = two part:nìshën = two times,
twice; nìsha xkwèyok = two women; nishàpxki
= two hundred; nishkàhëna = we danced together, we danced
two together; nishuxwèhëna
= we two walked together nishapxki = two hundred (CL) nishash = seven (CL & NTD) nìshash = seven part:nìshash txën
= seven times; nìshash txìnxke = seventy part
nishinxke = twenty (CL & NTD)
nishìnxke = twenty part
nisk- = to be dirty vi:nìske = it is dirty; niskinàkwsu
= he/she looks dirty; niskhìlus
= a dirty old man; nisktùnhe = he is talking dirty niskëlan = it is drizzling rain (CL & NTD) nitis = my friend (used only by a man speaking of his male
friend) (NTD) nkàski alënixsi = I can speak Lenape (CL) nkata- - - = I want to- - - (do something) (CL) nkata kawi = I want to sleep (CL) nkata utènink a = I want to go to town (CL) nkatala- - - (ani.) = I want him/her- - - (CL) nkatatàmën = I want that (or) it (CL) nkati kawi = I almost fell asleep (CL) nkatunkòm = I am sleepy (CL) nkatupwi = I am hungry (CL) nkatusëmwi = I am thirsty (CL) nkësi = I am hot (CL) nkishëwësi = I am warm (CL) nkispwi = I am full (CL) nkwëchi = I tried (CL) nlëmatahpi = I sat down (CL) nonin = I forgot (CL) nshielìntàm = I am sad (CL) nshilìntàm = I am married (CL) nta = I go, I went (or) I am going (CL) ntàch = I will go (CL) ntakohchi = I am cold (CL) ntèpipwi = I have eaten enough (CL) ntiasi- graze vi:ntiàsu = he (an animal) grazes
(< nëtiasi-w) nuchchëmamëse- = to hunt rabbits vi: nuchchëmàmsèch
= I will go rabbit hunting nuchkwe- = to be of no use v:nùchkwe = it’s
no use; nuchkwèha
= I killed him for nothing; nuchkwèma =
I blamed him for something he didn’t do; knuchkwewtùnhe
=
you talk nonsense; nuchkwewtùnhe = he talks nonsense ntunaw = look for him/her; ntunëm = look for it (CL) nuhàm = my grandmother; my great-aunt; nuhëma
= grandmother; great-aunt (voc.) (NTD) nulamàlsi = I am fine (CL & NTD) nulanake = I made a bed (or) I fixed a place to sleep (CL) nulelìntàm = I am glad (CL) nulhàn- = to be lazy vi:nùlhàn
= I am lazy; nulhàntuwamàlsi
= I feel lazy; nulhàntuwàkàn = laziness; nulhàntës
= lazy one pl:nulhànsak, nulhàntàk
nulhànt = I feel lazy (CL) nulhatènami = I am happy (CL) nunakàn = milk (CL) nunakàn = milk; a woman’s breast (NTD) nusamëluli = I ate too much (CL) nutxanikwe- = to hunt squirrels vi:pilàychëch
nutxanikwe
= a boy went squirrel hunting nuwaha = I know him/her; nuwatun = I know it (CL) nuwi = Come here!; nuwi, këntkatàm = Come! Let’s
dance; nuwikw =
You all come here!; nuwiti = Come here little one! (CL) nuwi = Come here! (mostly used for children) (NTD) nuwi- = come here (used with children) vi:nùwi,
nùwi ta (imper), nuwìti
= come here, little one nux = my father (NTD) nuxa = father (voc.) (NTD) nuxati = Father Dear (speaking to) (or) Dear Father (CL & NTD) nuxtët = my uncle (father’s brother) (NTD) nuxwis = my grandchild (boy or girl), my grand-nephew; my
grand-niece (NTD) nuxwisxàm = my child’s pet (NTD) nuxwiti = grandchild; grand-nephew; grand-niece (voc.) (NTD)
“O”
òhshixay = nest (NTD) òhundàm = Great-Horned Owl(NTD) òk = and (CL & NTD) òk = and conj: (between verbs): kahtùpu òk
may ntùnëm mehëmìchink
= he was hungry and he went to look for food: (between nouns): èmhònës
òk opënchùtët
= a spoon and a little white dish òkche- = to have a crooked shape vi:òkche
= it has a crooked shape òkèksëne = he/she is not wearing any socks (CL) òkhatim = mulberry, mulberries (NTD) òkhàtim = mulberry, mulberries n:òkhatimënshi
= mulberry tree òkwës = fox (CL & NTD) òkwës = fox n anim: plòlwsàk
ònkum = shake hands with him/her; ònkum na pilaechëch
= shake hands with that boy; ònkumi = shake my hand (CL) ònkum- = to shake hands vt:ònkùmi
( – with me, imper); ònkum ( – with him/her, imper) òl = egg; òla = eggs (NTD) òòl = egg; plòòla
= eggs (CL) òòl = egg n inan: pl òòla
òngùndëwakàn = a blessing (NTD) òp-, op- = white vi:òpe = it
is white; òpsu =he, she is white; òpèk = that which is white; opèke = those which
are white; òpìnkwe =
he has a white face; òpikàon = a white house; òpkàte
=
he has a white leg; òhòpkàte = he has white legs;
òpchàle = he has a white nose òpalanie = bald eagle (CL & NTD) opanu = Iroquois (NTD) òpe = it is white in color; òpsu = he/she is
white in color (CL) òpsko = corn shucks (NTD) òpàskw = corn husk n inan: plòpsko
òpsuwihële = domestic goose òpsuwìhële = goose n anim: plòpsuwihëlèyok
òske- = to be thin vi inan:òskèe
= it is thin: SEE ALSO aluki-
òsòmi = certainly (CL) òtaès = flower (NTD) owiyalahsu = whirlwind (NTD) òxe = it is light (such as daylight, not used for weight)
(NTD
“P”
paènt = cup; pl:paènta = cups (CL) pahsì = half part
pàhkakwënèt = moose (flat horn) (CL) pàhkàkwënèt, pàhkàkënèt
= moose n anim
pahkàntahikàn = drum stick (CL) pahkàsun = marrow (NTD) pahsùkwi = Stand up! (from sitting); pahsùkwikw
= You all stand up! (CL & NTD) pahsukwi- = to stand up from sitting position vi:pahsùkwi
(imper sg); pahsùkwik (imper pl) pàk- = to be flat vi: it is flat; pàkchal
= a flat nose; pàkchàle = he has a flat nose pàkawënikàn = dumpling; pl:pàkawënikàna
= dumplings (CL & NTD) pàkaonìkàna = dumplings n inan: tipàsii
pàkawënikàna = chicken dumplings pàke = it is flat (CL) pàkim = cranberry n
pakim = cranberry, cranberries (NTD) palenàxk = five (CL & NTD) palènàxk = five part:palènàxk
txën = five times; palènàxk lënuwàk
= five men palènàxk txìnxke = fifty part
palenàxk txapxki = five hundred (CL) palia = Go Away! (NTD) palsu = he/she is sick (CL) pan’kuk = pancake (NTD) pànkuk = pancake (< Dutch) n inan: pl:pankùka
panshpèkw = cantaloupe, muskmelon (NTD) pànshpèkw = cantaloupe n
papaxès = Red-Headed Woodpecker (NTD) pasahpòn = bread, yeast bread (or) bun (CL & NTD) pàxkëlan = it is briefly stopped raining (CL) pè = give it here! (CL) pè- = to hand something over vi:pè =
give it here (imper sg) pè- = to wait vt:npèha = I wait
for him, npètun = I wait for it; npèhùkw
= he waits for me; npèhàok = I wait for them; npèhkuk
= they wait for me pè = he comes, he arrives (NTD) pèhëw- = to wait vi:pèhëwe
na lënu = the man is waiting pè hàch awèn = Is someone coming? (CL) pèhpastèk = rice (CL & NTD) pèhpàstèk = rice n
pëlanshëman = French (CL) pëlànshëman = Frenchman ( < English) n anim;
pl:pëlanshëmànàk
pële = Turkey clan (CL) pëlëchis = pants (CL) pëlëchis = pants, trousers n
pëlènikw = flying squirrel n anim: pl:pëlènìkok
pëmhwi = he takes a dust bath (speaking of birds) (NTD) pëmi = lard, grease (of any type) (NTD) pëmì = grease n inan
pëmska- = to walk vi:npëmska = I walk,
am walking; kpëmska =
you walk; pëmëske = he, she walks; (< pëmëska-w);
npëmskàhëna = we walk; pëmëskèyok
= they walk pëna- = to look vt anim: pënà = look (imper);
pënài =
look at me (imper); pënòw = look at him, her (imper) pënam- = to look vt inam:npënamën
= I look at it pëchi- = enter, go in vi:pënchi =
get in (imper sg)
(e.g., something with a small opening such as a cave or teepee) pënji = he enters something through a small opening (such
as a cave or tipi) (NTD) pèpël = pepper (CL & NTD) pèpël = pepper n
pèpètëlan = it is raining now and then (CL) pèphòksing = popcorn (NTD) pëphòkwe = Ruffed Grouse (NTD) pèshkunk = nine (CL) pèshkunk = nine part:pèshkunk
txën = nine times pèshkunk txìnxke = ninety part
pèshkung = nine (NTD) pèthakhòn = it is thundering (NTD) pèthakhùwe = mythological Thunder Being n anim:
pl: pethakhuwèyok phwit = Oh, Phooey! (CL) p’hwit = phooey part: _expression indicating the
speaker does not think much of what someone has said piitàkw = step-mother (NTD) pikàkës = Peafowl (NTD) pil- = to be clean (physically or ceremonially) vi:npìlsi
=
I am clean; pìlsu = he is clean; pìlët
= it is clean; pilinàkwsu = he, she looks clean pilaechëch = boy; pl:pilaechëchàk
=
boys (CL & NTD); pilaychështët = little
boy (NTD) pilàychëch = boy n anim: pl:pilaychëchàk;
pilaychi (voc) pilkësh = peach (NTD) pìlkësh = peach n:pilkëshakw
= peach tree pime- = to be crooked vi:pìme = it is crooked pisim = sweet corn (NTD) pishkw = Nighthawk (Bullbat) (NTD) pipisilùnkòn = bat n anim:pisilùnkòn
pisilùnkòn = bat n anim:pipisilùnkòn
piskèke = tonight part:piskèke
xu nkàwi =
I will sleep tonight; piskèke ku nkawì = I won’t
sleep tonight pitaòksën = overshoe; pl: pitaòksëna
= overshoes (CL) pitaopòn = pie (NTD) pitukëna = milkweed (edible);pl: pitukènaok
= milkweeds (CL & NTD) pitùkëna = milkweed n anim: pl:pitukënàok
pòkhilus = broken down old man (CL); extremely old and disabled
man (NTD) pòkhìlus = a feeble old man n anim
pòkxawësh = extremely old and disabled woman (NTD) pòm = ham, thigh (CL & NTD) pùhëm, pùhwëm = white-flour corn n
puhënëma = he/she is drumming (CL) puhënikàn = drum (CL) pùhënik- = to drum vi:puhënìke
=
he drums; n:puhënìkàn = a drum; pèpuhënìkès
= drummer puhwèm = white flour corn (NTD) pùkuwànku = Turtle Clan (CL) pukwès = mouse (NTD) pùkwès = rat n anim: pl:pukwèsàk;
pukwètët
= mouse pl:pukwètëtàk (lit:
little rat) puni- = to leave along vt:punìtu = leave it
alone; punìhi =
leave me alone; punìw = leave him, her alone; punìmi
= quit talking about me punkw = dust (or) ashes (CL) pùnkwës = mosquito n anim
pupukwësh = Bobwhite; Quail (NTD) push = scat (to scare a cat) (CL) push = scat part: _expression used to chase a cat away pushis = cat; pl:pushisàk = cats (CL &
NTD) pùshis = cat n anim: pl:pushìsàk;
pushìtët = kitten; pl:pushitëtàk
pusi- = get in (a vehicle) v:pùsi (imper sg);
pùsikw (imper pl) putël = butter (CL & NTD) pùtël = butter n
putëlëpèxing = cream (NTD) puxò = exclamation when smelling something bad (NTD) puxò tamwe = exclamation when smelling something
very bad (NTD) pxashikàn = dried meat (NTD) pxisktèahpòn = bean bread n inan
pxiskteyo = skinned corn (NTD)
“X”
xah- = to be ugly vi:xahinàkwsu = he, she
looks ugly xahèli = much, a lot part:xahèli wiyùs
nulhatùhëna = we have a lot of meat xalahpùtis = spider n anim: pl:xalahputìsàk
xalahputis = spider (CL) xàm- = to feed (someone) vt:xàm = feed
him (imper); xàmi =
feed me (imper sg); xàmikw = feed me (imper pl) xami = Feed me!; xamikw = You all feed me! (CL & NTD) xanikw = squirrel; pl:xanikok = squirrels (CL &
NTD) xànikw = squirrel n anim: pl:xanìkok; xanikwì
kshìtay = squirrel soup xansa = older brother (voc.) (NTD) xansun (or) kèhkawink = bed (CL) xànsun = bed n inan: pl:xansùna; xansùnink
= on the bed xaphùkwe = mole n anim: pl:xaphukwèyok
xash = eight (CL & NTD) xash = eight part:xash txën = eight times xash txìnxke = eighty part
xàskwim = corn n
xàskwim = corn (CL & NTD) xawshisës = old woman (NTD) xawshìsës = old woman n anim
xawskwe- = to be grassy, grass covered vi:xawskwèe
= it is grassy xaxakw = Sycamore tree (NTD) xëlèti- = to be greedy vi:xëlètie
= he is greedy xès = skin, hide n anim: pl: xèsàk
xìmin = persimmon n inan: pl:ximìna; ximinùnshi
= persimmon tree ximin = persimmon (NTD) xinkw- = big, large (usually of a singular object) vi:xìnkwe
=
it is big; xìnkwsu = he is big; xinkwsùwàk
=
they are big; xinkwinàkwsu = he, she looks big; xìnkwi
chìkënëm =
a big turkey; xìnkwi chëmàmsàk =
big rabbits; xinkòlëpay = buck deer : amànk-
(of plural objects) xinkwchëmàmës = jack rabbit n anim: pl:xinkwchëmàmsàk
xinkwëlëpay = buck deer (CL) xìnxke = thirty part
xitkw- = to be deep vi:xìtkwe = it is deep xkàn = bone n inan: pl:xkàna; òpxkàn
= white bone xkànàkhàkw = gourd n
xkànësàk = lamb’s quarter (edible plant, used
in plural form) n anim
xkuk = snake (CL) xkuk = snake n anim: pl:xkùkàk
xkwe = woman; pl:xkweyok = women (CL & NTD) xkwe = woman n anim: pl:xkwëyok (< xkwew-àk);
xkwewì hèmpës =
a woman’s dress; xkwèxëm = female animal; xkwèhële
= female fowl xkwechëch = girl; pl: xkwechëchàk = girls
(CL & NTD); xkwechështët = little girl (NTD) xkwehële = female bird (NTD) xkwën = liver (NTD) xu = will, FUTURE part:xu nëwìxëni yu
kèku = I will cook this thing xu = ‘future marker’ (used to show the future tense, like “shall”
or “will” in English) (NTD) xu làpi knewël = I will see you again (CL) xunìti = soon, pretty soon part
xuniti = pretty soon (or) little while (CL) xùw- = to be old vi:xùwe = it is old;
xùwsu =
he is old; xùwi awèn = an old person; kikèxëm
= an old animal
“Y”
yoh (or) yuh = alright
(or) okay (CL) yu = this, the det inan: she yu wëski kèku
= here (is) this new thing yu- - - (inan.) = this - - - (CL) yu = this (inan.) (NTD) yu tàli = here, this place part:yu tàli
= this place; shè yu = here it is yuki = these (anim.) (NTD) yuli = these (inan.) (NTD) yuh (or) yoh = alright (or) okay (CL) yuh = 1: all right, okay part 2: you’re welcome (usual
reply to wanëshi - thank you) part
yuh = Yes! (reply to a question or statement which can be answered
by English ‘okay’ or ‘alright’) (NTD) yuhël- = get away vi:yùhëli (imper
sg); yùhëlikw (imper pl) yuho = Yes! (emphatic “yuh”) (NTD) yukwe = now (CL & NTD) yùkwe = now part:yùkwe ènta
alàpàèkw =
now on this morning; ku kahtupwì yùkwe =
now he is not hungry ( < katupw-i-wi); na yùkwe xahèli
wiyùs nulhatùhëna =
now we have lots of meat (lit: then now) yushè = here part:yushè ènta
xkwithakamìka = here on this earth
“Z”
zhimwi = I flee (NTD) zhis = my uncle (used only for mother’s brother) (NTD) zit = my foot (NTD) zùkwis = my mother-in-law (NTD)
American Indian languages
